H-type chicken cage is a kind of feeding equipment used more at home and abroad, laying hen cage provides a comfortable environment for chickens, so that chickens grow rapidly in feeding, save trouble and materials. The comfort of the layer cage is closely related to the design of the cage and is usually composed of vertical wire and a few horizontal wires. The advantage of H-shaped chicken cage is that the position of chicken feeding can be changed arbitrarily, which can accommodate more chickens to eat together, the structure is simple, and less material is used, which reduces the chance of injury to the laying hen and can better protect the feathers of the chickens.
1. Chick feeding management
1.1 Control temperature and humidity
Due to the weak body resistance and poor adaptability of the chick stage, the temperature control of the entire breeding environment should be done well, so as to be conducive to the normal growth and development of chicks. Usually chicks within 3 days of age, the temperature is controlled at 32~35 °C, and with the increase of chicken age, it decreases by 2~3 °C every week until the temperature is controlled to 18~21 °C in the 5th week. H-type cage laying hens are reared at a higher density, which can reduce the temperature appropriately. The temperature control should be combined with the performance of the flock and the temperature change, usually the night temperature should be 1~2 °C higher than the daytime temperature, to avoid the temperature fluctuation and to ensure that the temperature is constant. During the whole brooding stage, the humidity is controlled at 70%~80%. After the chicks grow to 10 days old, the feed intake gradually increases, the water intake and excretion increase, and the humidity in the enclosure does not increase, which is conducive to the reproduction of germs and parasites, so the humidity should be controlled. After the humidity exceeds the standard, it should be ventilated in time, and the cold protection and warmth should be done. In addition, it is also necessary to keep the air in the enclosure fresh to avoid the increase of toxic and harmful gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide in the enclosure and affect the growth of chicks.
1.2 Adequate lighting
For chicks aged 1~3 days, the light time is controlled for 24h every day. After that, it was reduced by 2 hours per week until the weekly light time was controlled to 8~9 h
1.3 Drink water and start eating
Chicks aged 1~3 days can be fed 0.1% potassium permanganate aqueous solution to clean the intestines, and chicks within 10 days of age can be fed 8% sugar water, and 1% oxytetracycline can be added to the water to prevent gastrointestinal diseases and promote growth and development. In winter and spring, the drinking water temperature of chicks is controlled at more than 20°C. Laying hens should be guided to feed within 36 hours of hatching. Grained broken rice grains are usually selected for starting, ensuring that the particles are of moderate size, and should be soaked or steamed in water before feeding. In the first week after eating, we should ensure that the feed is fed day and night, feeding 7~8 times each day and night, and gradually reduce the amount of feeding until 2 weeks old, feeding 2~4 times a day. After 2 weeks of age, the chopped green feed is fed to the flock, and at 4 days of age, the full price compound feed is fed.
1.4 Disease prevention and control
In the whole brooding stage, we should focus on the prevention and control of a variety of common infectious diseases, and regularly clean all kinds of feeding management equipment. 1-day-old chicks are injected subcutaneously with Marek's vaccine. Chicks can use streptomycin nasal drops before eating, and 4000 IU per chick is used to prevent upper respiratory tract diseases. On the first day of eating, 0.03% haloperic acid mixture can be used for continuous feeding for 7 days. After 7 days of age, Newcastle disease attenuated vaccine was administered intranasally. After 14 days of age, antibiotics were added to drinking water and used continuously for 5~7 days to prevent the spread of coccidiosis. At the age of 21 days, the Newcastle disease attenuated vaccine was used for intranasal drip, and at the age of 60 days, the Newcastle disease vaccine was given intramuscularly for booster immunization.
2. Feeding management of rearing chickens
2.1 Feed configuration
The growth and development of laying hens entering the breeding stage is gradually improved, the various organs are mature, the feed intake is gradually increased, and the growth and development are accelerated. At this point, the feed should be gradually adjusted to the finishing stage. The incubation period is divided into 2 stages, which are scientifically matched with diets. The first stage was 7~14 weeks old, and corn, sorghum, wheat bran, barley, fish meal, soybean cake, leaf meal, bone meal, and salt were used, and the usage rates were 14.13%, 7%, 10%, 5%, 5%, 10%, 6%, 2.5%, and 0.37%, respectively. Calcium and phosphorus elements are controlled separately as:
1.7% vs. 0.6%. At 15~20 weeks old, according to the above formula, the addition amount was controlled as 47.13%, 10%, 15%, 12%, 2%, 4%, 7%, 2.5% and 0.37% respectively. Calcium and phosphorus were controlled at 0.9% and 0.5% respectively. In addition, in the whole feed configuration, a variety of minerals and vitamins need to be added to meet the needs of the growth and development of laying hens.
2.2 Strengthen management
In the whole breeding stage, we must do a good job in the ventilation management of the chicken house, especially after entering the summer and autumn, due to the high outside temperature, the ventilation of the enclosure should be accelerated, which is fresh and hygienic and reduces various stress stimuli. In addition, a reasonable breeding density should be ensured. Usually 10~8 birds per square meter at 7~12 weeks old, 8~6 birds per square meter at 13~16 weeks of age, and 6~4 birds per square meter at 17~20 weeks old. In the management of the whole flock, it should be strictly operated in accordance with the corresponding operating procedures to avoid the interference of adverse stress factors, and vaccine immunization must be cautious and cautious to avoid stress stimulation. After entering the middle and late stages of rearing, the free-range chickens should be transferred to the H-shaped cage in time. This is best done at night to avoid disturbing the entire flock. After entering the cage, you should drink water and eat in time to calm the mood of the chickens.
3. Feeding management in the egg laying stage
3.1 Egg laying pre-feeding management
The laying hen produces the first egg to lay eggs for 6~7 weeks for the egg production rising stage. The first 2 weeks of egg laying are characterized by irregular egg production, long egg laying intervals, and a large number of deformed eggs. At this stage, the focus is on creating a quiet, comfortable and tidy environment for the flock, ensuring that the flock can smoothly enter the peak period of egg production, and the temperature is controlled at 20~25 °C to ensure that the feed nutrition is fully and timely increased The calcium content in the feed is increased from 2.0% to 3.5% at the age of 18 weeks. During the laying period, the light system should be strictly implemented, and the light time should not be arbitrarily reduced. In the early stage of egg production, we should also pay attention to the reproductive system diseases of the flock, and pay attention to the prevention of inflammation of the oviducts. Throughout the rising period of egg production, remember to change the feed and immunization abruptly to avoid causing a strong stress response.
3.2 Feeding management during the peak period of egg production
Usually laying hens start from the 7th week of production, and gradually enter the peak period of egg production, and the egg production rate is usually more than 90%. At this time, 1%~2% oil should be added to the feed, and 1 electrolytic multi-dimensional should be added to the drinking water every 15 days to enhance the physical resistance of the chickens. In addition, it is also necessary to reduce the stimulation of various stress factors in the farm, and do a good job in monitoring the antibody level of the flock and immunizing the vaccine to ensure that the antibody level meets the standard. In addition, it is also necessary to ensure that the nutritional value of the feed during the peak period of egg production is comprehensive, to provide a good and clean sanitary environment for the growth of the flock, to ensure that the production capacity of the flock is exerted, and to create more economic benefits.
3.3 Feeding management in the later stage of egg production
Laying hens 18 ~ 52 weeks for the late laying period, at this time the peak period of laying hens has passed, the egg production rate is gradually declining, at this stage should focus on the heavy control of the chicken group, to maintain the original egg production level of laying hens. In the management of laying hens in the late laying period, it should be ensured that the egg-laying capacity of the flock slowly declines, and the service life of the laying hens should be extended as much as possible. In addition, you can also appropriately increase the protein content in the feed, strictly control the content of energy feed, and increase the weight of chickens, but to prevent over-fattening. Do a good job in the management of chickens, timely remove diseased chickens and chickens with gradually declining production capacity, reduce feed waste, and improve feed utilization. At the same time, the supply of calcium in the feed should be further increased, the absorption of calcium by the flock should be enhanced, and the occurrence of abnormal egg rate should be reduced.